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+-- Functional parsing library from chapter 13 of Programming in Haskell,
+-- Graham Hutton, Cambridge University Press, 2016.
+
+module Parsing (module Parsing, module Control.Applicative) where
+
+import Control.Applicative
+import Data.Char
+
+-- Basic definitions
+
+newtype Parser a = P (String -> [(a,String)])
+
+parse :: Parser a -> String -> [(a,String)]
+parse (P p) inp = p inp
+
+item :: Parser Char
+item = P (\inp -> case inp of
+                     []     -> []
+                     (x:xs) -> [(x,xs)])
+
+-- Sequencing parsers
+
+instance Functor Parser where
+   -- fmap :: (a -> b) -> Parser a -> Parser b
+   fmap g p = P (\inp -> case parse p inp of
+                            []        -> []
+                            [(v,out)] -> [(g v, out)])
+
+instance Applicative Parser where
+   -- pure :: a -> Parser a
+   pure v = P (\inp -> [(v,inp)])
+
+   -- <*> :: Parser (a -> b) -> Parser a -> Parser b
+   pg <*> px = P (\inp -> case parse pg inp of
+                             []        -> []
+                             [(g,out)] -> parse (fmap g px) out)
+
+instance Monad Parser where
+   -- (>>=) :: Parser a -> (a -> Parser b) -> Parser b
+   p >>= f = P (\inp -> case parse p inp of
+                           []        -> []
+                           [(v,out)] -> parse (f v) out)
+
+-- Making choices
+
+instance Alternative Parser where
+   -- empty :: Parser a
+   empty = P (\inp -> [])
+
+   -- (<|>) :: Parser a -> Parser a -> Parser a
+   p <|> q = P (\inp -> case parse p inp of
+                           []        -> parse q inp
+                           [(v,out)] -> [(v,out)])
+
+-- Derived primitives
+
+sat :: (Char -> Bool) -> Parser Char
+sat p = do x <- item
+           if p x then return x else empty
+
+digit :: Parser Char
+digit = sat isDigit
+
+lower :: Parser Char
+lower = sat isLower
+
+upper :: Parser Char
+upper = sat isUpper
+
+letter :: Parser Char
+letter = sat isAlpha
+
+alphanum :: Parser Char
+alphanum = sat isAlphaNum
+
+char :: Char -> Parser Char
+char x = sat (== x)
+
+string :: String -> Parser String
+string []     = return []
+string (x:xs) = do char x
+                   string xs
+                   return (x:xs)
+
+ident :: Parser String
+ident = do x  <- lower
+           xs <- many alphanum
+           return (x:xs)
+
+nat :: Parser Int
+nat = do xs <- some digit
+         return (read xs)
+
+int :: Parser Int
+int = do char '-'
+         n <- nat
+         return (-n)
+       <|> nat
+
+-- Handling spacing
+
+space :: Parser ()
+space = do many (sat isSpace)
+           return ()
+
+token :: Parser a -> Parser a
+token p = do space
+             v <- p
+             space
+             return v
+
+identifier :: Parser String
+identifier = token ident
+
+natural :: Parser Int
+natural = token nat
+
+integer :: Parser Int
+integer = token int
+
+symbol :: String -> Parser String
+symbol xs = token (string xs)